Abstract: Tussock wetlands, serving as a unique landscape within marsh wetlands and performing vital ecological functions, have become a research hotspot due to their distinctive environmental heterogeneity and the influence of hydrological conditions. The formation of tussock wetlands is closely linked to hydrological conditions, and changes in these conditions also affect the development and evolution of tussock wetlands. Hydrological conditions exert a direct impact on tussock plants. Through flooding conditions, they directly influence the species distribution, physiological traits, morphological structure, growth status, and biomass of tussock plants, as well as the characteristics of tussock mounds such as height, basal area, mound shape, distribution density, and spacing. This affects the feedback between tussock plants and soil, thereby influencing the formation and evolution processes of tussock wetlands and the performance of their functions. Hydrological conditions drive the formation of unique micro-topographic features in tussock wetlands and generate environmental heterogeneity, resulting in markedly different hydrological environmental characteristics on-mound versus inter-mound. Hydrological conditions impact the carbon and nitrogen cycling processes and the functioning of their "source" and "sink" roles in tussock wetlands by regulating plant-soil feedback and microbial activity. With changes in natural conditions and increasing anthropogenic disturbances, structural damage and functional degradation of tussock wetlands are intensifying annually. How to fully utilize the role of hydrological conditions to accelerate the restoration process of tussock wetlands and promote the restored wetlands to fully realize their "source" and "sink" functions is key to tussock wetland restoration. This paper summarizes the response patterns of tussock wetlands to hydrological conditions, analyzes the existing restoration methods for tussock wetlands and their shortcomings, and proposes measures utilizing hydrological response patterns to promote the restoration of tussock wetland structure and function, aiming to provide references for the conservation and restoration of tussock wetlands.